Which Supreme Court case affirmed that the national government had control over interstate commerce?

The Supreme Court case that affirmed the national government's control over interstate commerce is Gibbons v. Ogden. This landmark decision, decided in 1824, established that the federal government has the exclusive authority to regulate interstate commerce, a power derived from the Commerce Clause of the Constitution. The case arose when New York granted a monopoly to a steamboat company for navigation on its waters, which conflicted with a federal license granted to another steamboat operator. The ruling clarified that interstate commerce is not limited to trade among states but includes navigation and transportation across state lines, therefore reinforcing the federal government's role in regulating commerce that crosses state boundaries. This foundational case significantly shaped the balance of power between state and federal authorities in economic matters, underlining the supremacy of federal law in commerce-related issues.