Which laws restricted Americans from voicing their opinions about the war?

The Espionage and Sedition Acts were specifically designed during World War I to limit dissent and criticism of the United States government, military, and the war effort. Enacted in 1917 and 1918, these laws made it a crime to interfere with military operations or support U.S. enemies during wartime. They also prohibited speech or writing that could be deemed disloyal or harmful to the government's war efforts, which included strong penalties for those expressing anti-war sentiments or opposing the draft.

These acts aimed to unify public opinion in favor of the war and suppress any opposition that could undermine the nation's efforts. Their significance in American history lies in the tension between national security and the First Amendment rights of free speech. The Espionage and Sedition Acts faced significant criticism, particularly for their infringement on civil liberties, and were eventually repealed or allowed to expire.

In contrast, the other options—such as the Patriot Acts, which were focused on surveillance and security post-9/11, the Reconstruction Amendments that dealt with civil rights after the Civil War, and the Homeland Security Act aimed at enhancing security against future threats—do not pertain to restrictions around expression specifically related to wartime dissent.